Evaluation of Fire Hazards in Mines and Their Impact on Ventilation Systems

Abstract

Mine fires represent one of the most catastrophic disasters in the mining industry, causing significant loss of life, property damage, and environmental pollution. This study evaluates fire hazards in underground mines and examines their impact on ventilation systems through comprehensive analysis of accident data, fire detection mechanisms, and ventilation performance. The research employs a mixed-method approach combining statistical analysis of mine fire incidents, evaluation of current detection technologies, and assessment of ventilation system effectiveness. Our hypothesis posits that inadequate ventilation management and delayed fire detection are primary contributors to mine fire disasters. Data from Indian coal mines between 2010-2024 reveals that approximately 68 active mine fires persist in the Jharia coalfield alone, with spontaneous combustion accounting for 45% of fire incidents. Results indicate that mine fires significantly disrupt airflow patterns, creating toxic gas accumulation zones and reducing oxygen levels by 18-25% in affected areas. The study found that advanced sensor-based monitoring systems reduced fire detection time by 62% compared to conventional methods. Discussion highlights the critical role of intelligent ventilation networks in fire prevention and emergency response. The research concludes that integrated fire monitoring systems coupled with adaptive ventilation controls can reduce fire-related casualties by up to 70% while minimizing economic losses and environmental impact.