Plant Bioactives with Hepatoprotective and Anti-Inflammatory Activities

Abstract

Plant bioactives have emerged as promising therapeutic agents for liver diseases due to their hepatoprotective and anti-inflammatory properties. This study aims to investigate the efficacy of plant-derived bioactive compounds in preventing and treating hepatotoxicity. A comprehensive literature review was conducted to evaluate the mechanisms, clinical efficacy, and safety profiles of major phytoconstituents including flavonoids, alkaloids, terpenoids, and phenolic compounds. The methodology involved systematic analysis of preclinical and clinical studies published between 2019-2023, focusing on compounds such as silymarin, curcumin, quercetin, and related bioactives. Results demonstrated that plant bioactives significantly reduced liver enzyme levels (AST, ALT, ALP) by 15-45% in clinical trials, while enhancing antioxidant enzyme activities including SOD, CAT, and GPx. The primary mechanisms involve modulation of NF-κB and Nrf2 pathways, reduction of oxidative stress markers like MDA, and inhibition of inflammatory cytokines IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α. Discussion reveals that flavonoids and phenolic compounds exhibit the highest hepatoprotective potential through anti-inflammatory and antioxidant mechanisms. In conclusion, plant bioactives represent safe and effective therapeutic alternatives for hepatoprotection, warranting further clinical development as standardized phytopharmaceuticals for liver disease management