Quantum Secret Sharing Protocol Security In Cloud Environment

Abstract

Quantum Secret Sharing (QSS) is a cryptographic primitive that distributes a secret among multiple parties using quantum information, ensuring only authorized subsets can reconstruct it. Existing QSS approaches rely on conventional network topologies and maximally entangled states, often requiring full participation and lacking efficiency in redundancy, authentication, and privacy. This work proposes a QSS framework on a distributed quantum network using a threshold-based (t, n) scheme, enabling flexible secret reconstruction. A custom weighting system and quantum variant of Dijkstra’s algorithm dynamically select optimal players, improving performance. Additionally, CRYSTALS-Kyber post-quantum cryptographic primitives are integrated for secure authentication and identity obfuscation. Security analysis and simulations show that the proposed protocol outperforms traditional QSS models, offering stronger resilience against classical and quantum adversarial threats.