NRF24L Wireless Robot for Live Human Detection in Rescue Operations

Abstract

Disaster-prone environments such as collapsed buildings, fire-affected zones, industrial accident sites, and earthquake-hsit regions demand rapid and accurate human detection to increase survival rates. Traditional rescue operations expose first responders to severe risks, including structural instability, toxic gases, and limited visibility. Rescue robotics has emerged as a transformative solution to mitigate such dangers [12], [18]. This paper presents the design and development of an NRF24L01-based wireless rescue robot integrated with real-time human detection and live video streaming capabilities. The system utilizes an Arduino Mega 2560 as the central control unit, ensuring efficient motor control and wireless communication. The NRF24L01 transceiver module provides low-latency, long-range communication suitable for obstructed disaster environments [14], [17]. An ESP32-CAM module enables real-time Wi-Fi video streaming and onboard face detection, improving victim identification accuracy compared to conventional PIR-based systems [15]. The proposed robot offers a cost-effective, scalable, and reliable solution for search-and-rescue operations, minimizing human risk while enhancing operational efficiency.